Horst Steinke
284
eighteen hundred years after the institution of marriage […]. […] it was before
Homer’s time that the theological poets flourished […], Hesiod, putting him
thirty years before Homer. Cicero affirms […] that there were other heroic
poets before Homer […]» (§ 901).
580
Haddock calls him «the matchless poet of the heroic age» and notes
that Vico’s «dissolution of the historical identity of Homer» targeted this con-
cept of “Homer” (Id.,
Vico’s “Discovery of the True Homer”
, cit., p. 585).
581
G. Vico,
La Scienza nuova. Le tre edizioni
,
cit., p. 1155.
582
To quote Haddock again: «He had compiled the
Iliad
and the
Odyssey
from cognate stories derived from popular traditions; and contradictions in
the modes of life portrayed in these groups of stories could be explained by
the different regions or periods of heroic Greece from which they had issued»
(Id.,
Vico’s “Discovery of the True Homer”
, cit., p. 589).
583
As Amerio noted: «Abbiamo già notato che non è questa circa la per-
sona di Omero la parte più importante e più innovatrice degli studi omerici
del V.; ma piuttosto quella circa la natura e il valore estetico e storico dei due
poemi (We already noted that the most important and innovative aspects of
Vico’s Homer studies do not concern the person of Homer but rather the na-
ture and value, aesthetically as well as historically, of the two poems)» (Id.,
In-
troduzione allo studio di G. B. Vico
, cit., p. 495).
To get a sense of how Vico at times deals with, and incorporates, histori-
cal individuals in his reflections, see the expositions on Vico’s treatment of
Solon in the following essays in
Il sapere poetico e gli universali fantastici
, cit.: A.
Pons,
Una storia senza “nomi propri”
, pp. 275-286; M. Sanna,
I “mostri” della storia
,
pp. 287-297. Sanna explains the process by which Vico arrives at «[l]a riduzio-
ne di Solone a un universale fantastico e l’indifferenza vichiana verso la sua
esistenza o non esistenza […] ([t]he reduction of Solon to an imaginative uni-
versal and Vico’s indifference toward his existence or non-existence […])»
(
ibid.
, p. 289). See also Caponigri,
Time and Idea
, cit., p. 176: «[…] the natural
existence becomes a matter of indifference for historiographic purposes and is
replaced wholly by the poetic character itself».
584
Likely B. B. Powell speaks for most readers of Homer: «Everything
about the
Odyssey
is different from the
Iliad
. They are literary opposites, creat-
ed by one of the greatest artists that ever lived» (Id.,
Introduction
, in
The Odyssey
,
translation, introduction and notes by B. B. Powell, foreword by I. Morris,
Oxford-New York, Oxford University Press, 2014, pp. 1-36, p. 26).
Ulf remarks concerning the conversion of heroic song into heroic epos:
«Der für die Poetisierung des Textes notwendige Aufwand ist natürlich nicht
auf einen […] inneren Prozeß zurückzuführen (The expenditure of effort re-